An object was thrown so that it followed the path shown. Assume drag forces
were negligible.
The object was thrown with an initial vertical component of velocity u. The time taken
to reach maximum height is t.
Which of the following could not be used to determine the maximum vertical height s
reached by the object?
P =
t
v2 = u2 + 2as W
P =
t
Forces
useful energy output
efficiency =
∑F = ma
total energy input
F
g = useful power output
m efficiency =
total power input
W = mg
moment of force = Fx
Momentum
p = mv
Question
Physics
Edexcel2024
A toy car moves up a slope at a constant speed, as shown. The car is moved by a motor
with a power output of 5.2 W. The car gains a gravitational potential energy of 0.40 J in
a time of 1.1 s.
Which of the following expressions gives the work done, in J, against resistive forces?
A 5.2 − (0.40 × 1.1)
B (5.2 × 1.1) − 0.40
C (5.2 ÷ 1.1) + 0.40
D (5.2 × 1.1) + 0.40
(Total for Question 3 = 1 mark)
*P74468A0224*
Question
Physics
Edexcel2024
Which of the following vector diagrams shows the forces acting on S ?
C F
D 2F
(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)
*P74468A0324*
Question
Physics
Edexcel2023
*P71915A01728*
Turn over
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PMT
(b) An advert for an electric car has the following information:
• electric motor can develop up to 390 kW output power
• car achieves a velocity of 28 m s–1 from rest in 4.0 s at maximum power
Calculate the work done by resistive forces when the car accelerates to a velocity of
• the liberated iodine was then titrated with sodium thiosulfate solution,
Na S O (aq), of concentration 0.00518 mol dm–3
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
6 2 4
(i) Draw a labelled diagram of a simple experiment to confirm this dissociation
has occurred, stating the positive result.
(2)
Result
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) What is the shape of the ICl– ion?
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
This question is about the bonding and structure of molecules.
(a) Which element exists as discrete molecules in its solid state?
(1)
A aluminium
B iodine
C silicon
D sodium
(b) Which compound has non-polar molecules?
(1)
A ammonia
B carbon dioxide
C hydrogen sulfide
D water
(c) Which is the best reason for why the boiling temperature of HF is much higher
than that of HCl?
(1)
A the instantaneous dipole-induced dipole (London) forces are stronger in HF
B HF molecules have a smaller mass
C there are intermolecular hydrogen bonds in HF
D HF molecules have fewer electrons
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
*P71912A0628*
PMT
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
4 2
colourless brown
(a) The table shows values of ΔG at different temperatures for this reaction.
Temperature / K ΔG / kJ mol–1
350 –4.0
400 –13
450 –22
500 –31
550 –40
(i) Plot a graph of ΔG against temperature.
(2)
ΔG / kJ mol–1
Temperature / K
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2 3
I (aq) + 2S O2–(aq) → 2I–(aq) + S O2–(aq)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
4
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2 3 4 6
• the mean volume of the titre of Na S O (aq) was 34.20 cm3.
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
3
Ionisation
energy
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
7 2
Equilibrium 2
Cl (aq) + 2e– 2Cl–(aq) Ed = +1.36 V
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
Chemists often use the term ‘orbital’ when considering atomic structure.
(a) State what is meant by the term orbital.
(2)
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(b) Draw diagrams to show the shape of an s and a p orbital.
(2)
s orbital p orbital
(c) What is the electronic configuration of a copper atom?
(1)
A [Ar]4s13d10
B [Ar]4s23d9
C [Ar]4s24p13d8
D [Ar]4s24p23d7
(Total for Question 2 = 5 marks)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
*P71912A0428*
PMT
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
6
When molten, it is suggested that it breaks down as shown.
I Cl ICl+ + ICl–
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
of river water
• the Mn2+ ions reacted with the dissolved oxygen forming a precipitate of
manganese(IV) oxide hydroxide
2Mn2+(aq) + O (aq) + 4OH–(aq) → 2MnO(OH) (s)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
(1)
A octahedral
B square planar
C tetrahedral
D trigonal bipyramidal
(iii) The equilibrium position for the dissociation of molten I Cl lies to the left.
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
6
I Cl ICl+ + ICl–
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
6 2 4
What is the most likely numerical value of K for this equilibrium?
c
(1)
A 1.0 × 106
B 5.0 × 103
C 1.0
D 5.0 × 10–3
(Total for Question 3 = 9 marks)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
7 4
It is neutralised by sodium hydroxide solution in a similar way to benzoic acid.
A 25.0 cm3 sample of 0.500 mol dm–3 quinic acid solution was neutralised
under standard conditions in a polystyrene cup using 25.0 cm3 of
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
The graph shows the melting temperatures of some elements in Period 3.
1800
1600
1400
1200
Melting
1000
temperature
/ K 800
600
400
200
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
*P71912A0228*
PMT
Answer ALL questions.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
4 2
colourless brown
(1)
Position of equilibrium Change in colour
A moves to the right mixture gets lighter
B moves to the right mixture gets darker
C moves to the left mixture gets lighter
D moves to the left mixture gets darker
(Total for Question 5 = 7 marks)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
5 6 5 2 2
(i) Which of these could be used to show the end‑point of a titration
of benzoic acid with sodium hydroxide solution?
(1)
A bromothymol blue
B litmus
C methyl orange
D phenolphthalein
(ii) Another weak acid found in cranberries is quinic acid, C H (OH) COOH.
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
5 3 6 5 2 3
A acid base acid base
B acid base base acid
C base acid base acid
D base acid acid base
(b) The ionic salts sodium benzoate and potassium benzoate are both used as
food preservatives.
Explain why the melting temperature of sodium benzoate is higher than the
melting temperature of potassium benzoate.
(2)
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Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
5
(a) Which of these answers identifies the types of species present when benzoic acid
is mixed with nitric acid?
[K of benzoic acid = 6.3 × 10–5 mol dm–3; K of nitric acid = 40 mol dm–3]
a a
(1)
C H COOH + HNO C H COOH+ + NO–
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
Benzoic acid is a weak acid found in cranberries.
OH
C
O
C H COOH – benzoic acid
Question
Physics
Edexcel2023
P =
t
v2 = u2 + 2as W
P =
t Forces
useful energy output
efficiency =
∑F = ma
total energy input
F
g = useful power output
m efficiency =
total power input
W = mg
moment of force = Fx
Momentum
p = mv
Turn over
*P71915A02428*
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Electric circuits Waves and particle nature of light
Potential difference Wave speed
W
v = f λ
V =
Q
Speed of a transverse wave on a string
Resistance
T
V v =
R = μ
I
Intensity of radiation
Electrical power and energy
P
P = VI I =
A
P = I 2R
Power of a lens
V 2
P = 1
R P =
f
W = VIt
P = P + P + P + …
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
4 3
complex ion [Cr(H O) ]3+(aq).
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
6
(i) State the colour of this complex ion.
(1)
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(ii) Explain why the aqueous solution of this complex ion has an acidic pH by
considering the interaction between the metal ion and the ligands.
(2)
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Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
7
agent made the statement shown.
‘Standard electrode potential data shows that it is never feasible
for a 1.00 mol dm–3 solution of potassium dichromate(VI) to oxidise
the chloride ions in hydrochloric acid.’
Comment on this statement using the data and equilibria shown.
Equilibrium 1
Cr O2–(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6e– 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H O(l) Ed = +1.33 V
Question
Physics
Edexcel2023
m s–1 from rest in 4.0 s.
mass of car = 1950 kg
(3)
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Work done by resistive forces =
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(c) A website suggests that ‘fast‑charging’ the battery in an electric vehicle can increase
the internal resistance of the battery.
Explain why an increase in internal resistance of a battery is a disadvantage.
(3)
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(Total for Question 16 = 12 marks)
*P71915A01828*
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Compare and contrast the role of the catalysts in these reactions.
(6)
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Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
All quantities are measured in kJ mol–1.
–2969
2Ag+(g) + O2–(g) Ag O(s)
(i) Complete the diagram by adding appropriate species and state symbols to
the empty boxes.
(2)
(ii) Explain why the value for the first electron affinity of oxygen is negative and
the value for the second electron affinity is positive.
(3)
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Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
Show outer shell electrons only.
(1)
(b) The solubility of oxygen in water under standard conditions
is 1.22 × 10–3 mol dm–3.
Comment on this value by considering the type and strength of the
intermolecular forces in
• pure water
• pure oxygen
• a mixture of water and oxygen.
Detailed descriptions of the forces involved are not required.
(4)
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Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2 3
(i) Calculate the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the sample of river water,
in g dm–3.
(5)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2
• the precipitate was then dissolved using excess sulfuric acid, forming
Mn4+(aq) ions
MnO(OH) (s) + 4H+(aq) → Mn4+(aq) + 3H O(l)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2
• excess potassium iodide solution was then added, forming iodine
Mn4+(aq) + 2I–(aq) → Mn2+(aq) + I (aq)
Question
Mathematics
Edexcel2023
2
B Mn3+(aq) + e– Mn2+(aq) +1.51
Explain why Mn3+ ions are unstable in aqueous solution.
Include an equation and the type of reaction that occurs.
(4)
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(Total for Question 10 = 15 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 90 MARKS