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Physics

Edexcel2024

P74468A 3 *P69442A02732* Turn over  Turn over PMT Electric circuits Waves and particle nature of light Potential difference Wave speed W v = f λ V = Q Speed of a transverse wave on a string Resistance T V v = R = μ I Intensity of radiation Electrical power and energy P P = VI I = A P = I 2R Power of a lens V 2 P = 1 R P = f W = VIt P = P + P + P + …

Question

Physics

Edexcel2024

A student is investigating circuits that include a filament bulb. The filament bulb is labelled ‘1.5 V, 0.50 W’. (a) Show that the resistance of the filament bulb when operating normally is about 5 Ω. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. * (b) The student wishes to control the brightness of the filament bulb using a potentiometer. The student connects the circuit shown. The total resistance of the potentiometer is very much larger than the resistance of the filament bulb.

Question

Physics

Edexcel2024

5 V Explain how the brightness of the filament bulb will vary as the switch is closed. (4) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. (Total for Question 16 = 12 marks) *P74468A01524* 

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Physics

Edexcel2024

Turn over PMT (c) The student connects the filament bulb in the circuit shown below. The capacitor is initially uncharged and has a capacitance of 1.2 F. The resistance of the filament bulb is 5 Ω.

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Physics

Edexcel2024

5 V A B Explain how the brightness of the filament bulb changes as the potentiometer slider is moved from A to B. (6) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. *P74468A01424* 

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Physics

CAIE2024

1 1 resistors in parallel = + + ... R R R

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Physics

CAIE2024

1 1 resistors in parallel = + + ... R R R

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Physics

CAIE2024

1 1 resistors in parallel = + + ... R R R

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Physics

CAIE2023

5kΩ A – B +

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Physics

Edexcel2023

"! " $" 230 2V

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Physics

Edexcel2023

" " %" V 230 230 " " &" V

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Physics

Edexcel2023

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Physics

Edexcel2023

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Question

Physics

Edexcel2023

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+!.!2*))$%&!'3!45!67!8,&#!.! ter(cid:80)inal p.d. of 2.(cid:26) V to a (cid:80)otor. (cid:25).0V " ! 6'&') (i(cid:12) (cid:54)ho(cid:90) that the resistance of the (cid:80)otor (cid:53) is a(cid:69)o(cid:88)t 50 (cid:159). !"# 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999

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Physics

CAIE2023

the charge passing through the resistor during one discharge of the capacitor, charge = C

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Physics

CAIE2023

at B, voltage = V

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Physics

CAIE2023

resistors in series R = R + R + ....

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Physics

CAIE2023

2 resistors in parallel 1/R = 1/R + 1/R + ....

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Physics

CAIE2023

The rectified output of a sinusoidal signal generator is connected across a resistor R of resistance 1.5kΩ as shown in Fig. 4.1. rectified

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Physics

CAIE2023

5kΩ R output Fig 4.1 The variation with time t of the potential difference V across R is shown in Fig. 4.2. Fig. 4.2 (a) State how the rectification shown in Fig. 4.2 may be achieved. [2] (b) A capacitor is now connected in parallel with the resistor R. The resulting variation with time t of the potential difference V across R is shown in Fig. 4.3. Fig. 4.3 © UCLES 2005 9702/04/SPECIMEN PAPER PPPMMMTTT

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Physics

CAIE2023

the mean potential difference across the resistor R, potential difference = V

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Physics

CAIE2023

the time in each cycle during which the capacitor discharges through the resistor. time = s [4] (ii) Using your answers in (i), calculate

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Physics

Edexcel2023

V / V V 1 mF 0

Question

Physics

Edexcel2023

0 V to transistor 333 Ω The resistance of the LDR varies with light level as shown below. 100 000

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Physics

Edexcel2023

*P71915A01128*  Turn over DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD PMT (a) Deduce whether this circuit responds as required. (6) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. (b) Explain how the resistance of the LDR changes as the light level increases. (2) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. (Total for Question 13 = 8 marks) *P71915A01228* DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD PMT

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Physics

CAIE2023

at A, voltage = V

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Physics

Edexcel2023

P = t v2 = u2 + 2as W P = t Forces useful energy output efficiency = ∑F = ma total energy input F g = useful power output m efficiency = total power input W = mg moment of force = Fx Momentum p = mv Turn over *P71915A02428* DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD AERA SIHT NI ETIRW TON OD PMT Electric circuits Waves and particle nature of light Potential difference Wave speed W v = f λ V = Q Speed of a transverse wave on a string Resistance T V v = R = μ I Intensity of radiation Electrical power and energy P P = VI I = A P = I 2R Power of a lens V 2 P = 1 R P = f W = VIt P = P + P + P + …

Question

Biology

CAIE2023

hours You must answer on the question paper. No additional materials are needed. INSTRUCTIONS ● Answer all questions. ● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs. ● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page. ● Write your answer to each question in the space provided. ● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid. ● Do not write on any bar codes. ● You may use a calculator. ● You should show all your working and use appropriate units. INFORMATION ● The total mark for this paper is 100. ● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ]. This document has 24 pages. Any blank pages are indicated. [Turn over *5046300420* PMT DC (ST/JG) 323130/3 © UCLES 2023 PMT

Question

Biology

CAIE2023

Question

Biology

CAIE2023

Yeasts are unicellular organisms from the kingdom Fungi. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one species of yeast that can carry out either asexual reproduction by mitosis or sexual reproduction by meiosis. Budding in S. cerevisiae is a process where a small daughter cell forms as a bud on the parent cell. The bud contains a copy of the parent cell nucleus and it eventually separates from the parent cell to form a new cell. S. cerevisiae can exist in two forms: haploid cells or diploid cells. • Haploid cells can be one of two different mating types: a and α. • Haploid cells can only mate with other haploid cells of the opposite mating type. Fig. 2.1 shows the life cycle of S. cerevisiae with its asexual and sexual reproductive stages. Key: a mating type a a α α a budding budding α mating type α α a

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Biology

CAIE2023

5.991 9.210 13.816

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Biology

CAIE2023

When only neurone Y is stimulated, an action potential will occur in the postsynaptic neurone.

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Physics

Edexcel2022

*P69306A02128* Turn over PMT (b) The potentiometer is used to monitor the displacement of a moving tool on a machine in a production line. The tool is attached to the sliding contact. The potentiometer is connected to a resistor of resistance R and a potential difference is applied as shown. The tool moves through a maximum displacement of 60 mm from end X, producing a maximum potential difference of 5.0 V between Z and X. R

Question

Physics

Edexcel2022

*P69306A02528* Turn over PMT Electric circuits Waves and particle nature of light Potential difference Wave speed W v = f λ V = Q Speed of a transverse wave on a string Resistance T V v = R = μ I Intensity of radiation Electrical power and energy P P = VI I = A P = I 2R Power of a lens V 2 P = 1 R P = f W = VIt P = P + P + P + …

Question

Physics

Edexcel2022

V (i) Show that the potential difference between X and Y is about 10 V. (2) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (ii) Calculate the value of R. (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... R = ....................................................... 

Question

Physics

Edexcel2022

*P69306A02228* PMT (iii) When the circuit is assembled, using the correctly calculated resistance value and a battery of e.m.f. 12 V, it is found that the maximum output from the potentiometer is slightly less than 5.0 V. Explain why the maximum output is slightly less than predicted. (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... (iv) The tool on the machine should not travel with a speed any larger than 0.8 m s−1 . The graph shows how the displacement varies with time for the downward stroke of the moving tool.

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Physics

CAIE2022

2 t - (cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:74)(cid:72) (cid:82)(cid:73) (cid:68) (cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:83)(cid:68)(cid:70)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:85) x = x e RC

Question

Physics

Edexcel2022

A potential divider circuit may contain a component known as a potentiometer. One type of potentiometer consists of a track with terminals X and Y at either end. There is a sliding contact that can move along the track connected to a terminal Z as shown. track end view of track 115 mm X Y t sliding contact 5.0 mm Z 5.0 mm The length of the track is 115 mm and the width is 5.0 mm. (a) The resistance of the track between terminal X and terminal Y is 12.0 kΩ. Calculate the thickness t of the track. resistivity of track material = 0.49 Ω m (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... t = ....................................................... 

Question

Physics

Edexcel2022

Power supplies provide either alternating or direct currents and potential differences. (a) A power supply produces an alternating potential difference (p.d.). The p.d. has a period of 0.02 s and a peak value of 4.0 V. (i) Calculate the frequency of the supply. (1) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Frequency = ....................................................... (ii) Calculate the root‑mean‑square p.d. (1) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Root‑mean‑square p.d. = ....................................................... (b) It is possible to convert alternating currents and p.d.s, to direct currents and p.d.s using diodes. The power supply provides an input V to the circuit shown. The circuit includes in four diodes D , D , D and D and a resistor R. The circuit produces an output

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Physics

Edexcel2022

2 3 4 potential difference V . out D D

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Physics

Edexcel2021

The world solar challenge is set every two years, in Australia. The challenge is to complete a three thousand kilometre route with a vehicle powered only by the Sun. Vehicles have their surfaces fitted with solar panels, as shown in the photograph. (Source: © LAURENT DOUEK/LOOK AT SCIENCES/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY) (a) One of the solar panels has an e.m.f. of 8.2 V when in sunlight. The terminal potential difference is 5.5 V when a current of 0.45 A is drawn from the solar panel. Calculate the internal resistance of the solar panel in these conditions. (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Internal resistance = ....................................................... (b) A bank of 380 of these solar panels is used to charge the battery in a vehicle. The panels are connected in parallel and the current provided by each panel is 0.45 A. When fully charged, the energy stored in the battery is 12 kW h. Calculate the time, in hours, to fully charge this battery if the solar panels are in sunlight. Assume the efficiency of charging this battery is 100%. (3) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Time = hours .......................................................

Question

Physics

Edexcel2021

0 V The following multipliers are available: 200 Ω 2500 Ω 3125 Ω 3750 Ω Deduce which multiplier should be used. (3) .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Question

Physics

Edexcel2021

A light dependent resistor (LDR) and a resistor are connected to a battery, as shown. The intensity of light incident on the LDR increases. Which row of the table describes the change in the resistance of the LDR and the change in the potential difference across the resistor? Potential Resistance difference across of LDR the resistor A decreases decreases B decreases increases C increases decreases D increases increases (Total for Question 7 = 1 mark)

Question

Physics

Edexcel2021

*P67096A02632* PMT (b) An ammeter of this type has a resistance of 625 Ω and will measure a maximum current of 1.6 mA. The ammeter can be adapted to measure potential difference by adding a resistor in series with the ammeter. This resistor is known as a multiplier. The ammeter is adapted so that it can measure potential differences up to 5.0 V as shown. 625 Ω multiplier

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Physics

Edexcel2021

*P67096A0432* PMT Questions 4 and 5 refer to the information below. Two resistors are connected in parallel and the current in one of them is 2.0 A, as shown. 120 Ω

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Physics

Edexcel2021

0 A I

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Physics

Edexcel2021

Which of the following is the total resistance of the resistors in parallel? A 20 Ω B 40 Ω C 90 Ω D 180 Ω (Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

Question

Physics

Edexcel2021

*P67096A02932* PMT Electric circuits Waves and particle nature of light Potential difference Wave speed W v = f λ V = Q Speed of a transverse wave on a string Resistance T V v = R = μ I Intensity of radiation Electrical power and energy P P = VI I = A P = I 2R Power of a lens V 2 P = 1 R P = f W = VIt P = P + P + P + …

Question

Physics

Edexcel2020

The properties of capacitors make them useful in timing circuits. The following circuit is used to provide an input Y to an integrated circuit.

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Physics

Edexcel2020

Analogue ammeters were used before digital meters became widely available. The analogue ammeter shown will measure a maximum current of 1.0 mA and has a resistance of 18 Ω.

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